Research Progress on Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammation Resolution and Prevention and Treatment Strategies in Respiratory Diseases

Corresponding author: YANG Weimin, ywmbessie@yeah.net

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202602.00033

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  Abstract: The inflammatory response represents the primary mechanism through which the body defends itself against pathogenic microorganisms or tissue damage. The resolution of inflammation stands as a crucial biological process wherein the body actively terminates the inflammatory response and restores tissue homeostasis subsequent to the completion of pathogen clearance. Recent research has indicated that the onset and progression of various acute and chronic respiratory diseases are not merely associated with the excessive initiation of inflammation but are also closely linked to the delayed or imbalanced resolution process of inflammation. This article outlines the fundamental concepts of inflammation resolution and its physiological significance in respiratory diseases, with a particular emphasis on summarizing the roles of specific pro - resolution lipid mediators (SPMs), lipid mediator cascade conversion, macrophage phagocytosis, immune metabolic reprogramming, and epithelial - immune and neural - immune axes in the resolution of inflammation in respiratory diseases. In conjunction with various respiratory diseases, it expounds on the pathological evidence of imbalance in inflammation resolution and deliberates on the research progress and prospects of targeted treatment for inflammation resolution.The resolution of inflammation is a vital biological process through which the body actively terminates inflammatory responses and restores tissue homeostasis following successful pathogen clearance. Accumulating evidence indicates that the onset and progression of various acute and chronic lung diseases are not only attributable to excessive initiation or amplification of inflammation but also closely linked to delayed or dysregulated resolution of the inflammatory response. As an organ in constant exposure to external environmental challenges, the lung must achieve a precise balance between effective host defense and preservation of tissue integrity, a process highly dependent on efficient inflammatory resolution mechanisms. This article reviews the fundamental concepts and physiological significance of inflammation resolution in the lung, with a particular focus on specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), enzymatic cascades involved in lipid mediator biosynthesis, macrophage efferocytosis, immune metabolic reprogramming, and the contributions of epithelial–immune and neuro–immune interactions to the resolution process. Furthermore, it examines pathological evidence of impaired resolution across diverse lung diseases and discusses emerging therapeutic strategies and translational opportunities targeting the resolution phase of inflammation.

  Key words: Inflammation resolution Inflammation subsides; Specialized pro-resolving mediatorsspecific lipid mediators promoting resolution; Respiratory disease; Aalveolar macrophages; Efferocytosis autophagy effect

  Submit time: 10 February 2026

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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  1	2026-01-27	10.12201/bmr.202602.00033V1	Download

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