Research Progress of Magnesium Ions in the Mineralization of Oral Hard Tissues and the Prevention and Treatment of Dental Diseases

Corresponding author: Gao Yuguang, gaoyuguang@yahoo.com

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202605.00093

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  Abstract: Magnesium ions, as an inherent component of oral hard tissues, regulate enamel crystal arrangement, dentin repair and differentiation, and cementum mineralization through key pathways such as the TRPM7 channel and the DMP1-TNAP-ANK-ENPP1 axis. Its imbalance is closely related to enamel hypoplasia, dentin hypoplasia, dental caries, periodontitis and other abnormal cementum. This article centers on the logical thread of distribution characteristics - regulatory mechanisms - disease associations - material applications, outlining the distribution patterns and molecular regulatory mechanisms of magnesium ions in the development and mineralization of oral hard tissues, analyzing their associations with dental diseases, and summarizing the research and application progress of magnesium-containing biomaterials, providing theoretical support for the deepening of basic research and clinical transformation in this field. Magnesium-containing novel biomaterials have significant advantages in combating enamel erosion and inducing hard tissue regeneration. However, their clinical transformation still faces bottlenecks such as a lack of evidence for direct in vivo regulation, unclear interionic synergy/antagonism mechanisms, and difficult control of degradation rates. Magnesium ions play an irreplaceable role in maintaining the homeostasis of teeth. Continuously optimizing magnesium-containing materials will open up innovative paths for the prevention and treatment of dental diseases.

  Key words: magnesium ions; oral hard tissue; biomineralization; biomaterials; dental diseases

  Submit time: 25 May 2026

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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  1	2026-03-17	10.12201/bmr.202605.00093V1	Download

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