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Corresponding author: yangyuping, 978288587@qq.com

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202611.00008

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  Abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a chronic upper airway disease characterized by persistent sinonasal mucosal inflammation and nasal polyp formation, which significantly reduces patients’ quality of life and increases healthcare burden. The core of its pathology lies in the dominant role of type 2 inflammation (T2 inflammation): approximately 96% of patients’ nasal polyp tissues exhibit T2 features. After injury to the nasal and sinonasal epithelium, epithelial-derived alarmins (TSLP, IL-33, and IL-25) are released. Through their respective unique receptor-signaling pathways, they activate ILC2s and Th2 cells, initiating and amplifying type 2 immune responses, and ultimately driving eosinophil infiltration, increased mucus secretion, tissue remodeling, and polyp growth. Studies have shown that epithelial-derived alarmins are significantly upregulated in nasal polyp tissues, and their expression levels correlate with disease severity and the degree of eosinophil infiltration. Epithelial-derived alarmins play an important role in regulating inflammatory responses; however, their correlation with eosinophil-infiltrated nasal polyps remains unclear. Exploring and identifying clinical indicators associated with eosinophil-infiltrated nasal polyps may provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of nasal polyps.

  Key words: chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; alarmins; TSLP; IL-33; IL-25

  Submit time: 6 November 2026

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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  1	2026-10-12	10.12201/bmr.202611.00008V1	Download

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