Treatment Based on Syndrome Differentiation of the Pre-metastatic Niche in Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis from the Perspective of “Liver is Yin in Form and Yang in Function

Corresponding author: LI Linpei, lilinpei2008@163.com

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202609.00027

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  Abstract: Liver metastasis of breast cancer is an important type of distant metastasis of breast cancer, which is closely related to the formation of pre-metastatic niche (PMN). The establishment of PMN involves inflammatory amplification, immunosuppression, vascular barrier damage, extracellular matrix remodeling and metabolic reprogramming, which provides conditions for the colonization of circulating tumor cells in the liver. Ye Tianshi’s theory of “Liver Is Yin In Form And Yang In Function” emphasizes the interdependence between liver yin and blood nourishment and yang qi free flow, which can provide a theoretical basis for the understanding of the pathogenesis of the hepatic pre-metastatic niche in breast cancer liver metastasis. Based on this theory, and combined with modern research, The pathogenesis of pre-hepatic niche of breast cancer liver metastasis can be understood from three aspects : liver body deficiency, liver stagnation and body and concurrent impairment of both substance and function. Liver body deficiency focuses on the decline of defense function, which provides susceptible conditions for the formation of PMN. Liver stagnation focuses on structural remodeling, promoting extracellular matrix deposition and vascular barrier damage ; the impairment of both body and function is manifested as a multi-dimensional synergistic disorder of inflammation-immunity-metabolism. Based on this, the therapeutic principle is established : nourishing the liver body to consolidate its foundation, regulating liver to dredge its stagnation, and reinforcing healthy qi and eliminating pathogens to rescue the impairment, which can provide a theoretical basis for the TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment of the niche before liver metastasis of breast cancer.

  Key words: Liver metastasis of breast cancer; Pre-Metastatic Niche; Immunosuppression; Metabolic Reprogramming; Liver Is Yin In Form And Yang In Function

  Submit time: 18 September 2026

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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