Mechanisms of Alveolar–Capillary Barrier Injury and Therapeutic Progress in Acute Lung Injury

Corresponding author: liangqiuyun, 670518680@qq.com

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202605.00011

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  Abstract: Acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are common critical clinical syndromes. Their pathogenesis is complex and is closely associated with inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, Ca2? homeostasis imbalance, and cellular injury. The alveolar–capillary barrier is a crucial structure for maintaining pulmonary gas exchange and fluid homeostasis. Its disruption leads to increased vascular permeability, pulmonary edema, and refractory hypoxemia, representing a key event in the initiation and progression of ALI/ARDS. Currently, clinical management mainly relies on respiratory support and symptomatic treatment, while targeted therapies for barrier protection and repair remain limited. This review summarizes the structural characteristics of the alveolar–capillary barrier, the mechanisms of its injury, and recent advances in prevention and treatment, aiming to provide references for the clinical management of acute lung injury.

  Key words: acute lung injury; alveolar–capillary barrier; barrier repair; therapeutic progress

  Submit time: 2 May 2026

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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  1	2026-03-28	10.12201/bmr.202605.00011V1	Download

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