Analysis of Risk Factors, Infection Characteristics and Pathogenic Bacteria of Nosocomial Infections in 424 Patients after Liver Transplantation

Corresponding author: huangting, 386922940@qq.com

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202602.00010

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  Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To investigate the risk factors, infection characteristics and pathogenic bacteria distribution of postoperative infection in liver transplantation patients, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of postoperative infection after liver transplantation. Methods A total of 424 patients who underwent liver transplantation at a Grade III Class A hospital in Shenzhen from January 2019 to December 2024 were enrolled, and their clinical data were collected. Univariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for nosocomial infection after liver transplantation. Subsequently, a multivariate Logistic regression model was applied to adjust for confounding factors, screen out independent risk factors, and establish a corresponding risk prediction model. Meanwhile, the infection sites and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed. Results A total of 70 cases of nosocomial infection occurred, with an infection rate of 16.51%. The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that serum creatinine level, prolonged operative duration, and postoperative ventilator use for more than 2 days were independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in liver transplantation patients (P<0.05). The main infection sites were the respiratory system, hematological system, abdominal and digestive systems. The dominant pathogenic bacteria included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida parapsilosis complex, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium. Conclusion Liver transplantation patients have a relatively high risk of nosocomial infection after surgery. Elevated serum creatinine, prolonged operative duration and increased postoperative mechanical ventilation time are independent risk factors for such infection. It is suggested that clinical staff should conduct close monitoring of postoperative patients and take targeted preventive and control measures against the above risk factors, which will help reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.

  Key words: Liver Transplantation; Postoperative Infection; Nosocomial Infection; Pathogenic Bacteria; Infection Characteristics; Risk Factors

  Submit time: 4 February 2026

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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