通讯作者: 田振国, 17302497292@163.com

DOI：10.12201/bmr.202610.00052

Systematic Review of Chronic Constipation in Older Adults and Psychosocial Factors from the Perspective of the Brain-Gut Axis

• 摘要：目的：基于脑肠轴理论,系统评价精神心理因素与老年慢性便秘的关联。方法：系统检索PubMed、Web of Science核心合集数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、维普网和万方数据知识服务平台,时间自建库至2026年5月。由于纳入研究存在高度异质性,采用叙述性综合方法,从四个维度(精神心理状况、便秘症状关联、生活质量关联、生理指标关联)整合证据。结果：共纳入9项研究。所有研究一致显示老年便秘患者焦虑抑郁评分或患病率显著高于对照组。有限证据(3/9项)支持精神心理因素与便秘症状正相关；多数证据(4/9项)显示便秘问题与更差的生活质量和睡眠相关；5项研究从自主神经功能、肛肠压力、肠道菌群、神经递质等层面提供了脑肠轴的生理证据。结论：老年慢性便秘患者普遍存在焦虑抑郁,且与临床症状、生活质量和生理指标异常密切相关。但现有证据异质性高,未来需标准化研究。

  关键词： 老年; 慢性便秘; 精神心理因素; 脑肠轴; 叙述性综合

   

  Abstract: Objective: Based on the brain-gut axis theory, this study systematically evaluates the association between psychosocial factors and chronic constipation in the elderly. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, China Biomedical Literature Database, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform from the inception of each database to May 2026. Given the high heterogeneity among the included studies, a narrative synthesis method was adopted to integrate evidence from four dimensions: mental and psychological status, correlation with constipation symptoms, correlation with quality of life, and correlation with physiological indicators. Results: A total of 9 studies were included. All included studies consistently demonstrated that the scores or prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in elderly patients with chronic constipation were significantly higher than those in the control group. Limited evidence (3/9 studies) supported a positive correlation between psychosocial factors and constipation symptoms. Most evidence (4/9 studies) indicated that constipation was associated with poorer quality of life and sleep disorders. Five studies provided physiological evidence of the brain-gut axis from the perspectives of autonomic nerve function, anorectal manometry, intestinal flora, and neurotransmitters. Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are prevalent in elderly patients with chronic constipation, which are closely correlated with abnormal clinical symptoms, quality of life and physiological indicators. However, the existing evidence presents high heterogeneity, and standardized research designs are required in future studies.

  Key words: Aged; Chronic constipation; Psychosocial factors; Brain-gut axis; Narrative synthesis

  提交时间：2026-10-22

  版权声明：作者本人独立拥有该论文的版权，预印本系统仅拥有论文的永久保存权利。任何人未经允许不得重复使用。
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  1	2026-07-27	10.12201/bmr.202610.00052V1	下载

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