通讯作者: 陈凌, chinglingp@163.com

DOI：10.12201/bmr.202603.00082

Immune Inflammation as a Mediator in the Association Between Gut Microbiota–Related Diet and Depression

• 摘要：目的 探讨肠道菌群膳食指数（dietary index for gut microbiota，DI-GM）与抑郁发生风险的关系，并分析全身免疫炎症指数（systemic immune-inflammation index，SII）在其中的中介作用。方法 基于2005—2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey，NHANES）数据，共纳入24370名研究对象。采用抑郁筛查量表（patient health questionnaire-9，PHQ-9）评估抑郁状况，DI-GM评估肠道菌群相关膳食质量，SII评估免疫炎症水平。采用复杂抽样加权的线性回归、Logistic回归、限制性立方样条及中介分析，系统评估三者之间的关联。结果 6110名参与者存在抑郁表现。在调整多种混杂因素后，DI-GM与PHQ-9评分呈负相关，并降低抑郁发生风险；SII与PHQ-9评分呈正相关，且增加抑郁发生风险。非线性分析显示，当ln(SII)≥5.719时，抑郁发生风险显著升高。中介分析表明，SII在DI-GM与抑郁发生风险之间存在部分中介作用，中介效应占比为3.56%。结论 肠道菌群相关膳食质量与抑郁发生风险显著相关，免疫炎症反应在其中发挥部分中介作用，提示改善膳食结构和降低炎症水平可能有助于抑郁的预防。

  关键词： 免疫系统; 肠道微生态; 抑郁症; 关联性研究

   

  Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between the dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) and the risk of depression, and to examine the mediating role of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005—2018 were used, comprising 24370 participants. Depressive status was assessed using the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Gut microbiota-related diet quality was evaluated using DI-GM, and immune-inflammatory status was assessed using SII. Survey-weighted linear regression, logistic regression, restricted cubic spline analysis, and mediation analysis were performed to comprehensively evaluate the associations between DI-GM, SII, and depression. Results Among the participants, 6110 individuals exhibited depressive symptoms. After adjustment for multiple confounding factors, DI-GM was negatively associated with PHQ-9 scores and a reduced risk of depression. In contrast, SII was positively associated with PHQ-9 scores and an increased risk of depression. Nonlinear analysis indicated that when ln(SII)≥5.719, the risk of depression increased significantly. Mediation analysis demonstrated that SII partially mediated the association between DI-GM and depression risk, accounting for 3.56% of the total effect. Conclusion Gut microbiota-related diet quality is significantly associated with the risk of depression, and immune-inflammatory responses partially mediate this relationship. These findings suggest that improving dietary patterns and reducing systemic inflammation may help prevent depression.

  Key words: Immune System; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Depression; Correlation study

  提交时间：2026-03-19

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• 序号	提交日期	编号	操作
  1	2026-03-07	10.12201/bmr.202603.00082V1	下载

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