Current Research Status on Magnesium Ion Levels and Prognosis of Sepsis

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202509.00008

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  Abstract: Sepsis, a life-threatening organ dysfunction triggered by infection with high mortality, necessitates early identification and intervention. As a vital cation in the human body, magnesium ions participate in various enzymatic reactions yet are frequently overlooked. They are more susceptible to metabolic abnormalities in critically ill patients and closely linked to poor prognosis in sepsis.Fundamentally, sepsis is an inflammatory disorder involving pathophysiological processes such as disrupted immune homeostasis and coagulopathy. Magnesium ions possess multiple physiological functions, including involvement in cellular metabolism, regulation of nerve conduction, and modulation of inflammatory and immune responses.Hypomagnesemia is more prevalent in sepsis patients, with an incidence of 40%-60%, and correlates with multiple poor prognostic indicators. In sepsis, magnesium ions exert immunomodulatory effects through inhibition of inflammatory pathways and regulation of immune cell functions.Clinical studies indicate that magnesium supplementation can enhance lactate clearance, shorten hospital stays, and reduce mortality in sepsis patients. However, current limitations exist in magnesium ion assessment, and the optimal magnesium supplementation regimen remains undefined. Further research is required to clarify its value in sepsis treatment.

  Key words: Magnesium ions; Sepsis; Hypomagnesemia; Inflammatory response; Oxidative stress.

  Submit time: 1 September 2025

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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