Analysis of risk factors for hypoglycemia in elderly outpatients with type 2 diabetes

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202412.00069

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  Abstract: Objective Assess the prevalence of hypoglycemia and the associated risk factors among elderly outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the region..Method Collect patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus over 60 years old who visited the Endocrine department of Gao Mi Traditional Hospital from January 1, 2023, to January 1, 2024. General information, medical history, and comorbidities were obtained through electronic medical records. The incidence of hypoglycemia was determined by patient interviews and blood glucose monitoring during the clinic visit. A logistic regression model was applied to identify factors associated with hypoglycemia and admission/emergency department visits.Result 1. The current situation of hypoglycemia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: among 320 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus, 61 cases experienced hypoglycemia, indicating a prevalence of 19.1%. Patients in the hypoglycemia group were older, had longer duration of diabetes, and had a higher rate of diabetes family history. 2. Grading of hypoglycemia: The incidence rate of severe hypoglycemia was 11.5%, while that of moderate and mild hypoglycemia was 32.8% and 55.7%, respectively. 3. Regarding diabetes complications, hypoglycemic patients had a higher total number of complications than the non-hypoglycemic group, but there was no significant statistical difference (P=0.567). 4. Regarding the use of hypoglycemic drugs, hypoglycemic patients had a higher usage rate of insulin, while the use of other hypoglycemic drugs showed no significant difference. 5. Multifactor analysis of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Diabetes duration≥10 years and application of insulin were identified as risk factors for hypoglycemia, while hyperlipidemia was a protective factor for hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 6. Hypoglycemia (OR=1.890, 95%CI:1.101～2.987, P=0.017) was a high-risk factor for hospitalization or emergency department visits and had statistical significance. Education level (high school and above) (OR=0.872,95%CI:0.587～2.506, P=0.031) was a protective factor for hospitalization or emergency department tvisits.Conclusion Elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in outpatient settings have a high incidence of hypoglycemic events. Diabetes duration≥10 years and application of insulin were identified as risk factors for hypoglycemia, while hyperlipidemia was a protective factor for hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, inadequate understanding of diabetes and hypoglycemia increases the rates of emergency department visits and hospitalizations in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

  Key words: Hypoglycemia; Outpatient; Elderly; Risk factors

  Submit time: 28 December 2024

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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