通讯作者: 高丽丽, gaolilidexingfu@163.com

DOI：10.12201/bmr.202509.00056

Research progress on targeting traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of ischemic stroke based on the NLRP3 signaling pathway

• 摘要：缺血性脑卒中（Ischemic Stroke,IS）是一种急性脑血管疾病，其病理基础为脑组织血流中断导致坏死及神经功能损伤，临床表现涵盖运动、言语、感觉、认知等多种功能障碍。该病病理机制复杂，涉及炎症级联反应、兴奋性氨基酸毒性作用、线粒体功能障碍等多方面，具有发病率高、致死率高、致残率高及复发率高的显著特点，是我国首要的致死病因。中医药治疗凭借其整体调节、多靶点干预以及不良反应相对较少等优势，在改善IS患者预后和降低复发风险方面展现出良好效果，具备深入研究和推广的价值。近年研究揭示，中医药可通过调节网络作用于NLRP3炎性小体介导的细胞焦亡过程，从而对IS产生神经保护效应。这为深入探索IS病理机制开辟了新视角，同时为发掘中医宝库奠定了理论基础。本文旨在系统综述近年国内外相关文献，归纳中药单体及复方制剂调控NLRP3炎性小体在IS治疗中的作用机制，以期丰富中医药防治IS的理论基础并为临床实践提供参考依据。

  关键词： 缺血性脑卒中；NLRP3炎症小体；炎症；中药；中药复方; 作用机制，研究进展; ; ; ; 

   

  Abstract: Ischemic stroke (IS) is an acute cerebrovascular disease based on necrosis and neurological impairment caused by interruption of blood flow in brain tissue, and the clinical manifestations cover a variety of functional disorders such as motor, speech, sensory, and cognitive. The pathological mechanism of the disease is complex, involving the inflammatory cascade, the toxic effect of excitatory amino acids, mitochondrial dysfunction and other aspects, and has the significant characteristics of high morbidity, high mortality rate, high disability rate and high recurrence rate, and is the primary cause of death in China. In the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine, IS belongs to the category of stroke, and its core pathogenesis lies in the damage to the body caused by pathological factors such as wind, fire, phlegm, and stasis, resulting in the imbalance of yin and yang, the reversal of qi and blood, and the onset of the disease by disturbing the clear body. With its advantages of overall regulation, multi-target intervention and relatively few adverse reactions, TCM treatment has shown good results in improving the prognosis of IS patients and reducing the risk of recurrence, and has the value of in-depth research and promotion. Recent studies have revealed that TCM can exert neuroprotective effects on IS by regulating the network acting on the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis process and influencing downstream mediator secretion to optimize the microenvironment. This opens up a new perspective for in-depth exploration of the pathological mechanism of IS, and lays a theoretical foundation for exploring the treasure trove of traditional Chinese medicine. The purpose of this article is to systematically review the relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years, and summarize the mechanism of action of TCM monomers and compound preparations in the treatment of NLRP3 inflammasomes in the treatment of IS, in order to enrich the theoretical basis of TCM in the prevention and treatment of IS and provide a reference for clinical practice.

  Key words: ischemic stroke; NLRP3 inflammasome; Inflammation; Medicinal herb; Chinese medicine compounds; Mechanism of action, research progress

  提交时间：2025-09-26

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  1	2025-09-07	bmr.202509.00056V1	下载

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