通讯作者: 吕志坚, 18095714413@163.com

DOI：10.12201/bmr.202607.00006

Research Progress on the Potential Applications and Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Ultrasound-Guided Stellate Ganglion Block in Traumatic Brain Injury

• 摘要：创伤性颅脑损伤（traumatic brain injury，TBI）是导致死亡和残疾的重要原因，其继发性脑损伤由交感神经过度激活、脑血流自动调节障碍、脑氧代谢失衡、神经炎症反应、血脑屏障破坏及氧化应激等因素共同介导，是影响预后的关键环节。星状神经节阻滞（stellate ganglion block，SGB）作为一种交感神经调控技术，在脑保护领域逐渐受到关注。超声引导下SGB具有可视化、精准等优势，可提高操作安全性和阻滞成功率。现有研究提示，SGB可能通过抑制交感神经过度激活、改善脑血流与脑氧代谢、减轻神经炎症反应，并调控Toll样受体4（Toll-like receptor 4，TLR4）/核因子κB（nuclear factor kappa-B，NF-κB）及沉默信息调节因子1（silent information regulator 1，SIRT1）等信号通路，从而对继发性脑损伤产生潜在保护作用。然而，目前SGB在TBI患者中的临床应用证据仍较有限，其最佳干预时机、阻滞侧别、阻滞频率、药物剂量、安全性等仍需进一步明确。本文综述超声引导下SGB的技术基础、TBI相关病理生理机制及其脑保护作用的潜在机制与临床证据，为 TBI 综合治疗及后续研究提供参考。

  关键词： 创伤性颅脑损伤; 星状神经节阻滞; 超声引导; 脑保护; 阵发性交感神经功能亢进; 继发性脑损伤

   

  Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability. Secondary brain injury, mediated by excessive sympathetic activation, impaired cerebral blood flow autoregulation, imbalance of cerebral oxygen metabolism, neuroinflammatory responses, blood-brain barrier disruption, and oxidative stress, is a key factor affecting prognosis. Stellate ganglion block (SGB), as a sympathetic neuromodulation technique, has gradually attracted attention in the field of neuroprotection. Ultrasound-guided SGB has the advantages of visualization and precision, and may improve procedural safety and block success rate. Current evidence suggests that SGB may exert potential protective effects against secondary brain injury by inhibiting excessive sympathetic activation, improving cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen metabolism, attenuating neuroinflammatory responses, and regulating signaling pathways such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1). However, clinical evidence regarding the application of SGB in patients with TBI remains limited, and the optimal timing of intervention, block laterality, block frequency, drug dosage, and safety still require further clarification. This article reviews the technical basis of ultrasound-guided SGB, TBI-related pathophysiological mechanisms, and the potential mechanisms and clinical evidence of its neuroprotective effects, aiming to provide a reference for comprehensive TBI treatment and future research.

  Key words: Traumatic brain injury; stellate ganglion block; ultrasound guidance; neuroprotection; paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity; secondary brain injury

  提交时间：2026-07-01

  版权声明：作者本人独立拥有该论文的版权，预印本系统仅拥有论文的永久保存权利。任何人未经允许不得重复使用。
• html

• 图表

• 武晓梦, 李思娴, 张明爽, 贾圣楠, 戴佳航, 孙一丹, 谭冬, 袁宇. 外周血内皮祖细胞在颅脑损伤血管新生与神经修复中的作用机制及研究进展. 2026. doi: 10.12201/bmr.202601.00072

  姜敏珠, 邹圣强▲. 严重颅脑损伤患者应激性高血糖列线图预测模型构建与验证. 2026. doi: 10.12201/bmr.202603.00015

  刘涛, 张辉, 谢晨. 不同剂量瑞马唑仑在超声引导下骶管阻滞痔切除术中的临床应用研究. 2024. doi: 10.12201/bmr.202411.00025

  罗智熹, 张磊. 目标体温管理对重型颅脑损伤脑脊液IL-6影响的研究. 2025. doi: 10.12201/bmr.202501.00079

  陈冬冬, 张旭峰, 杨新霞. 基于翻转课堂联合强化培训在超声引导下臂丛神经教学中的应用. 2024. doi: 10.12201/bmr.202409.00003

  张丽亚, 陈黎丽. ω－3PUFA对早产儿脑损伤免疫功能调节机制研究. 2024. doi: 10.12201/bmr.202408.00011

  覃佳佳, 梁秋云. 急性肺损伤中肺泡-毛细血管屏障损伤机制及治疗进展. 2026. doi: 10.12201/bmr.202605.00011

  郝建龙, 葛振嵘. 尼可地尔在心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的保护机制研究. 2025. doi: 10.12201/bmr.202509.00032

  刘锦, 张婕, 陆育玉, 王鹏俊, 韩剑虹. 炎症反应介导内皮功能障碍及血脑屏障损伤在脑微出血中的作用. 2025. doi: 10.12201/bmr.202504.00045

• 序号	提交日期	编号	操作
  1	2026-04-29	10.12201/bmr.202607.00006V1	下载

• 公开评论  匿名评论  仅发给作者 提交评论