通讯作者: 王权, 1725979141@qq.com

DOI：10.12201/bmr.202605.00035

Cross-sectional Study on Clinical Symptoms and Distribution Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Hohhot Region

• 摘要：目的:探究呼和浩特地区2型糖尿病患者的临床症状及中医证候分布特征,为该地区2型糖尿病的中医辨证论治及临床诊疗提供理论依据。方法:采用横断面研究方法,回顾性收集2024年1月1日至2025年12月31日期间,于内蒙古自治区中医医院内分泌科住院治疗的2型糖尿病患者病例信息,共920例。采集患者基本信息(姓名、性别、年龄、居住地等)、疾病相关信息(2型糖尿病初次诊断时间、是否伴随并发症等)、中医四诊相关信息。结果:1. 不同年龄组的2型糖尿病患者均普遍存在口干多饮的基础症状；2. 不同年龄组伴随症状分布显示,乏力是患者最高发的伴随症状,且伴随症状发生率随年龄增长呈上升趋势,其中视物模糊、手足麻木、腰痛腰酸、手足凉刺痛等症状与慢性并发症密切相关；3. 920例患者中医证型分布显示,痰瘀阻络证(26.6%)、气阴两虚证(25.8%)为最常见证型,其次为肝热脾虚证(22.7%)、湿热蕴结证(18.6%),肝肾阴虚证占比最低(6.3%),不同年龄组中医证候分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；不同中医证型患者病程分布比较显示,肝肾阴虚证病程中位数最长(114个月),湿热蕴结证病程中位数最短(86个月),但不同证型间病程分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；不同中医证型患者器官受累情况比较显示,皮肤受累在各证型间分布存在显著差异(P<0.05),而肺、心、脑、胃肠及眼部受累在各证型间分布均衡,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；各证型患者生存质量评分分布差异具有高度统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:呼和浩特地区2型糖尿病患者中医证型分布主要为痰瘀阻络证、气阴两虚证、肝热脾虚证、湿热蕴结证及肝肾阴虚证,其中痰瘀阻络证为高频证型；临床症状中,除基础症状外,乏力、视物模糊、手足麻木、头晕等为高发伴随症状,上述特征可为该地区2型糖尿病的中医个体化诊疗提供参考。

  关键词： 2型糖尿病; 呼和浩特; 临床症状; 中医证候; 横断面研究

   

  Abstract: Objective: To explore the distribution characteristics of clinical symptoms and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Hohhot, and to provide a theoretical basis for TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment as well as clinical diagnosis and treatment of T2DM in this region. Methods: A cross-sectional study was adopted to retrospectively collect the case information of 920 patients with T2DM who were hospitalized and treated in the Department of Endocrinology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2025. The patients basic information (name, gender, age, place of residence, etc.), disease-related information (time of initial diagnosis of T2DM, whether accompanied by complications, etc.), and TCM four diagnostic information were collected. Results: 1. Patients with T2DM in different age groups generally had the basic symptom of dry mouth and polydipsia; 2. The distribution of accompanying symptoms in different age groups showed that fatigue was the most common accompanying symptom, and the incidence of accompanying symptoms increased with age, among which symptoms such as blurred vision, numbness of hands and feet, lumbago and soreness of waist, and cold tingling of hands and feet were closely related to chronic complications; 3. The distribution of TCM syndromes in 920 patients showed that phlegm-stasis blocking collaterals syndrome (26.6%) and Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome (25.8%) were the most common syndromes, followed by liver-heat and spleen-deficiency syndrome (22.7%) and damp-heat accumulation syndrome (18.6%), while liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome accounted for the lowest proportion (6.3%). There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of TCM syndromes among different age groups (P<0.05); the comparison of the course of disease distribution among patients with different TCM syndromes showed that the median course of liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome was the longest (114 months), and that of damp-heat accumulation syndrome was the shortest (86 months), but there was no statistically significant difference in the course of disease distribution among different syndromes (P>0.05); the comparison of organ involvement among patients with T2DM of different TCM syndromes showed that there was a significant difference in the distribution of skin involvement among various syndromes (P<0.05), while the involvement of lungs, heart, brain, gastrointestinal tract and eyes was evenly distributed among various syndromes, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05); there was a highly statistically significant difference in the distribution of quality of life scores among various syndromes (P<0.05). Conclusion: The distribution of TCM syndromes in patients with T2DM in Hohhot is mainly phlegm-stasis blocking collaterals syndrome, Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome, liver-heat and spleen-deficiency syndrome, damp-heat accumulation syndrome and liver-kidney Yin deficiency syndrome, among which phlegm-stasis blocking collaterals syndrome is a high-frequency syndrome; among clinical symptoms, in addition to basic symptoms, fatigue, blurred vision, numbness of hands and feet, dizziness, etc., are high-frequency accompanying symptoms. The above characteristics can provide reference for the individualized TCM diagnosis and treatment of T2DM in this region.

  Key words: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Hohhot; Clinical Symptoms; Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes; Cross-sectional Study

  提交时间：2026-05-08

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• 序号	提交日期	编号	操作
  1	2026-04-11	10.12201/bmr.202605.00035V1	下载

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