Mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis in children: a case report and literature review

Corresponding author: LI Shaojun, lishaojun1980@hotmail.com

DOI: 10.12201/bmr.202408.00042

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  Abstract: ［］Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis(MPE).Methods: The clinical data of MPE in a child was retrospectively analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed. The clinical features, current diagnostic and treatment methods of MPE were summarized. Results: A 7-year-old girl with fever, cough, and headache as the main clinical manifestation. Physical examination revealed a decrease in respiratory sounds in both lungs and a small amount of coarse moist rales in the left lung. Pulmonary imaging showed extensive consolidation of the left lung with atelectasis and bronchial occlusion. Diagnosed plastic bronchitis under bronchoscopy. Positive MP nucleic acid test for pharyngeal secretions, electroencephalogram indicating background slowing, neuroimaging examination indicating abnormal signal in the left frontal lobe and centrum semiovale. Combined with the later onset of hemiplegia, the MPE diagnosis is clear.Symptoms improved after treatment with levofloxacin, methylprednisolone, and IVIG.From the search, sixteen papers were retrieved including a total of 317 cases in the past five years. Fever was the most common precursor symptom. Most patients have a good prognosis after receiving anti-MP, glucocorticoids, and IVIG treatment. Conclusion: Children with MPE lack specific clinical manifestations, and there is no unified diagnostic standard or standardized treatment plan. Clinicians should be alerted to childhood encephalitis during the epidemic of MP. Early diagnosis and treatment play a positive role in relieving symptoms and improving prognosis.

  Key words: ; ; ; 

  Submit time: 22 August 2024

  Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted biomedRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
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