通讯作者: 聂伟琳, 745105902@qq.com

DOI：10.12201/bmr.202511.00047

Effects of multicomponent exercise on cognitive and physical functioning in older adults with cognitive frail: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

• 摘要：目的 系统评价多组分运动用于认知衰弱老年人认知和躯体功能的康复效果,为未来相关指南制定或更新提供新的证据。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库等12个中英文数据库中有关多组分运动对认知衰弱老年人干预效果的随机对照试验,检索时限为建库至2025年8月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献,评价文献质量及提取文献信息。采用RevMan软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入8篇文献,涉及753例患者。Meta分析结果显示,仍缺乏有力的证据支持支持多组分运动对认知衰弱老年人总体认知功能的积极影响［SMD=1.47,95%CI(-0.38,3.31),P=0.12］,亚组分析结果显示,年龄＜80岁、每次训练时间≥60分钟、小组运动形式的多组分运动对认知才有改善作用。多组分运动可改善下肢肌力MD=-3.35, 95%CI(-5.69, -1.01), P=0.005及步行移动 MD=-2.19, 95%CI(-4.25, -0.14), P=0.04,但在握力、综合移动能力和生活质量方面的改善效果仍不明确。结论 多组分运动在认知衰弱老年人中显示出对部分躯体功能(如下肢肌力和步行能力)具有积极改善作用。但尚不能确定对整体认知功能、握力、综合移动能力的积极效果,本研究基于此提出未来研究建议。

  关键词： 多组分运动; 运动; 认知衰弱; 老年人; 功能; 康复; 系统评价; Meta分析

   

  Abstract: Objective To systematically evaluate the rehabilitation effect of multi-component exercise on cognitive and physical function in the elderly with cognitive frailty, and to provide new evidence for the formulation or update of relevant guidelines in the future. Methods A computerized search was conducted for randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of multicomponent exercise interventions for cognitive frail older adults in 12 Chinese and English databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang databases, with a timeframe of the construction of the database to August 2025. Literature was screened independently by 2 researchers to evaluate the quality of the literature and extract information from the literature. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software. Results Meta-analysis results showed that there was still a lack of strong evidence to support the positive effect of multicomponent exercise on overall cognitive function in the elderly with cognitive frailty SMD=1.47, 95%CI (-0.38, 3.31), P=0.12. Subgroup analysis results showed that, Age < 80 years, each training time ≥60 minutes, and multi-component exercise in the form of group exercise can improve cognition. Multicomponent exercise can improve lower extremity muscle strength MD = 3.35, 95% CI (5.69, 1.01), P = 0.005) and walking mobile MD = 2.19, 95% CI (4.25, 0.14), P = 0.04), However, the effects on grip strength, comprehensive mobility, and quality of life are still unclear. Conclusions Multicomponent exercise has been shown to have positive effects on some physical functions (such as lower limb muscle strength and walking ability) in the elderly with cognitive frailty. However, the positive effects on overall cognitive function, grip strength, and comprehensive mobility cannot be determined. Based on this, future research recommendations are proposed.

  Key words: Multicomponent exercise; Exercise; Cognitive decline; Older adults; Function; Rehabilitation; Systematic evaluation; Meta-analysis

  提交时间：2025-11-19

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• 序号	提交日期	编号	操作
  1	2025-11-03	10.12201/bmr.202511.00047V1	下载

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